PAS often contain decades of deeply embedded, inconsistent patient data, making migration particularly complex. Challenges typically include poor data quality (duplicates, incomplete records, inconsistent identifiers), intricate dependencies across hospital operations (appointments, referrals, billing), and the need to maintain real-time data accuracy during transition. Combined with strict regulatory requirements and the risk of operational disruption, PAS migrations demand careful planning to ensure patient safety, continuity of service, and data integrity throughout the process.